{"id":6916,"date":"2026-02-15T13:14:39","date_gmt":"2026-02-15T09:44:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/actobit.com\/actomag\/?p=6916"},"modified":"2026-02-15T13:14:39","modified_gmt":"2026-02-15T09:44:39","slug":"wireless","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/actobit.com\/actomag\/1404\/wireless\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u06cc\u0645: \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u06cc\u0645<\/h2>\n

\u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0644\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 (f)\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c (\u03bb) \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0631 (c \u2248 \u06f3\u00d7\u06f1\u06f0\u2078 m\/s) \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u03bb = c \/ f \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f: \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f VLF \u0648 LF) \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639 (\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062e\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646) \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc (\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f mmWave \u0648 THz) \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c \u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc\u200c\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0639\u06cc\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0621 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0645\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u062e \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 E = h \u00d7 f (h \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u067e\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06a9) \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0633\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc THz \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u06a9\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0648\u0627 (\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u0647 \u0627\u06a9\u0633\u06cc\u0698\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0628) \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0686\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n

Path Loss \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 FSPL = (4\u03c0d f \/ c)\u00b2 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f (d \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647). \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u062a\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0647\u062a\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 (beamforming) \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

Attenuation \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc \u06f1\u06f0 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 (\u0628\u0647\u200c\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 mmWave \u0648 THz) \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0635\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

Multipath \u067e\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 (\u0627\u0646\u0639\u06a9\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u06a9\u0641\u060c \u0633\u0642\u0641) \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0633\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 (\u06f5\u2013\u06f6\u06f0 GHz) \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634\u200c\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n

Doppler Effect \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0394f = (v \/ c) \u00d7 f \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06f2\u06f8 GHz \u062f\u0631 \u06f5G mmWave \u06cc\u0627 THz \u062f\u0631 \u06f6G) \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631) \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0634\u06cc\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0627\u067e\u0644\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u067e\u0647\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f (Bandwidth) \u0648 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0636\u06cc\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646-\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631\u06cc C = B \u00d7 log\u2082(\u06f1 + SNR) \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 B \u067e\u0647\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 (\u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06f1 GHz) \u067e\u0647\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a (\u0686\u0646\u062f \u0645\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632)\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 (\u06f6 GHz\u060c mmWave\u060c THz) \u067e\u0647\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0635\u062f \u0645\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u06cc\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0647 Licensed \u0648 Unlicensed \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc Licensed \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 FCC) \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06f4G\/\u06f5G) \u0648\u0627\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc Unlicensed (\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06f2\u066b\u06f4 GHz \u0648 \u06f5 GHz \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc Wi-Fi\u060c \u06cc\u0627 \u06f6\u06f0 GHz \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc WiGig) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0644\u0648\u063a\u200c\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 ITU-R V.431-9 (\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f5)\u060c \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n

– Band \u06f4: VLF (Very Low Frequency) \u2192 \u06f3\u2013\u06f3\u06f0 kHz
\n– Band \u06f5: LF (Low Frequency) \u2192 \u06f3\u06f0\u2013\u06f3\u06f0\u06f0 kHz
\n– Band \u06f6: MF (Medium Frequency) \u2192 \u06f3\u06f0\u06f0 kHz\u2013\u06f3 MHz
\n– Band \u06f7: HF (High Frequency) \u2192 \u06f3\u2013\u06f3\u06f0 MHz
\n– Band \u06f8: VHF (Very High Frequency) \u2192 \u06f3\u06f0\u2013\u06f3\u06f0\u06f0 MHz
\n– Band \u06f9: UHF (Ultra High Frequency) \u2192 \u06f3\u06f0\u06f0 MHz\u2013\u06f3 GHz
\n– Band \u06f1\u06f0: SHF (Super High Frequency) \u2192 \u06f3\u2013\u06f3\u06f0 GHz
\n– Band \u06f1\u06f1: EHF (Extremely High Frequency) \u2192 \u06f3\u06f0\u2013\u06f3\u06f0\u06f0 GHz
\n– Band \u06f1\u06f2: THF (Tremendously High Frequency) \u2192 \u06f3\u06f0\u06f0 GHz\u2013\u06f3 THz
\n– Band \u06f1\u06f3: \u2192 \u06f3\u2013\u06f3\u06f0 THz
\n– Band \u06f1\u06f4: \u2192 \u06f3\u06f0\u2013\u06f3\u06f0\u06f0 THz
\n– Band \u06f1\u06f5: \u2192 \u06f3\u06f0\u06f0 THz\u2013\u06f3 PHz (\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0631)<\/p>\n

\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0627 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc THz \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\u06cc<\/h2>\n

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\u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06f3\u06f0 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u062a\u0627 \u06f3 \u0645\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc LF \u0648 MF \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 RFID \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f LORAN \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0633\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc IoT \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f (\u0635\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0645 (\u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06f1 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062d\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u0633\u062e\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

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\u0633\u0648\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06f3\u06f0 \u062a\u0627 \u06f3\u06f0\u06f0 \u0645\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f VHF \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0648 FM\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0644\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u0641\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 AIS \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u067e\u062e\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f (\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 (\u062a\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0645\u06af\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u062e\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u067e\u062e\u0634 \u0631\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0648 \u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u062d\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06f3\u06f0\u06f0 \u0645\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u062a\u0627 \u06f3 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f UHF \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06f4G \u0648 \u06f5G \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c Zigbee\u060c Z-Wave\u060c LoRaWAN\u060c NB-IoT\u060c LTE-M \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc Wi-Fi \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc (\u06f2\u066b\u06f4 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632) \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u0646\u062f (\u0686\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 (\u062a\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0635\u062f \u0645\u06af\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0631\u062f\u060c \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u067e\u0646\u062c\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06f3 \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u06f1\u06f0 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 (\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u06cc mid-band)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f SHF \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 mid-band \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06f5G mid-band (n77\/n78\/n79)\u060c Wi-Fi \u06f5\/\u06f6\/\u06f6E (\u062a\u0627 \u06f7\u066b\u06f1\u06f2\u06f5 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632) \u0648 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u06f6G \u062f\u0631 FR3 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 (\u06f1 \u062a\u0627 \u06f5 \u06a9\u06cc\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 (\u0686\u0646\u062f \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u0627 \u0636\u0639\u06cc\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u06f5G \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a\u060c Wi-Fi \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06f6G \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0634\u0634\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06f2\u06f4 \u062a\u0627 \u06f7\u06f1 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f mmWave (FR2 \u062f\u0631 \u06f5G) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06f5G mmWave (n257\/n258\/n260\/n261)\u060c WiGig (802.11ad\/ay \u062f\u0631 \u06f6\u06f0 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632) \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc backhaul \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u062f \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 (\u0686\u0646\u062f \u0635\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 (\u0686\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0636\u0639\u06cc\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0632 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0641\u062a\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06f7\u06f1 \u062a\u0627 \u06f3\u06f0\u06f0 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f Sub-THz \u06cc\u0627 THz \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06f6G \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc D (\u06f1\u06f1\u06f0\u2013\u06f1\u06f7\u06f0 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632)\u060c W-band\u060c \u062d\u0633\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 (ISAC) \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u062f \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f0\u2013\u06f5\u06f0\u06f0 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0642\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 (\u062a\u0627 \u06f1\u06f0\u06f0 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0639\u06cc\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u06f6G \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0648\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u060c \u062d\u0633\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0646\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0634\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc \u06f3\u06f0\u06f0 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 (\u062a\u0627 THz \u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u06cc) \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 Visible Light \u0648 IR \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 Li-Fi (VLC)\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f (FSO)\u060c OCC \u0648 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc THz \u06f6G \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u062f \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 (\u062e\u0637\u06cc\u060c \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0631) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0631\u062e \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 (\u0686\u0646\u062f \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 RF \u0648 VLC \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06f2\u06f0\u06f2\u06f6\u060c \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc sub-\u06f6 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0648 mid-band \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 mmWave \u0648 Wi-Fi \u06f7 \u062f\u0631 \u06f6 \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0638\u0631\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc Sub-THz \u0648 THz \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062d\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06f6G \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f Li-Fi \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06a9\u0645\u0644 RF \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0642\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u06cc\u0645 (Wireless) \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u06a9\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u06cc (Wired) \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0641\u06cc\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0647\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0631\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u06cc …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1417,"featured_media":6921,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[111,150,130,324,228,185,256],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knowledge-room","category-technology","category-training","category-devops","category-others","category-network","category-wireless"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u06cc\u0645: \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/actobit.com\/actomag\/1404\/wireless\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fa_IR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u06cc\u0645: \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0644\u0633 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0633\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u06cc\u0645 (Wireless) \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 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\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0631\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u06cc\u06cc …\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/actobit.com\/actomag\/1404\/wireless\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0628\u06cc\u062a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-02-15T09:44:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/actobit.com\/actomag\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/wireless-frequency-1.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u0627\u062f\u0645\u06cc\u0646\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" 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